Anesthesiology

114 - Empathy, Antibiotics, and Artificial Affection - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

The Healing Touch: Empathy’s Real Power in Medicine

Research suggests that empathy from doctors isn’t just comforting—it may significantly impact patient outcomes. A recent study reveals that highly empathetic physicians are linked to greater pain relief, improved functionality, and better quality of life for chronic back pain patients, surpassing even opioid and surgical interventions. Yet, empathy is rare among overburdened doctors, especially in brief appointments or with marginalized groups. Experts argue that empathy enables better communication, diagnosis, and adherence to treatment, making it a crucial, if undervalued, tool in healthcare. Despite systemic challenges, fostering empathy may be essential for truly effective care. The Power of Physician Empathy.

AI’s Hallucinations Risk Patient Safety

While popular in healthcare, OpenAI’s Whisper transcription tool is under fire for generating “hallucinated” content—text that wasn’t spoken. Despite being cautioned against high-risk usage, Whisper is employed in over 30,000 medical settings, sparking concern among experts. The tool’s reliance on predictive modeling can lead to troubling inaccuracies, with researchers reporting fabricated content in up to 80% of analyzed transcripts. Without original audio retention, verifying transcriptions becomes nearly impossible, a critical issue in healthcare where accuracy is paramount. The widespread adoption of “good enough” AI highlights the urgent need for regulation in medical tech. OpenAI’s Transcription Tool Hallucinates. Hospitals Are Using It Anyway | WIRED.

Navigating the Risks of Artificial Affection

As AI develops, the dangers of user addiction go beyond the dystopian fears of runaway technology. Instead, the article highlights a subtler threat: AI’s allure as a source of companionship. With AI already being used as friends, partners, and mentors, we face a future where relationships with nonhuman agents could displace human connection. AI’s endless adaptability makes it uniquely addictive, as it tailors responses to user desires, fostering dependency. Experts suggest that without regulatory and design measures, these digital companions might exacerbate loneliness, diminish human connections, and make real-world relationships harder to sustain. The allure of AI companions is hard to resist. Here’s how innovation in regulation can help protect people. | MIT Technology Review.

+See Also: There are no guardrails.’ This mom believes an AI chatbot is responsible for her son’s suicide.

A New Grip on Consciousness

In exploring the spectrum of consciousness, scientists now employ innovative tools like the “breathe-squeeze” method to measure subtle transitions between conscious states, from alertness to sedation. Developed initially for sleep studies, this technique involves participants squeezing a device with each breath, allowing researchers to track shifts in awareness without disruption. Anesthesiologists are adapting this approach to study consciousness under anesthesia more precisely, revealing that consciousness isn’t binary but exists along a continuum. This method offers a clearer picture of consciousness and may improve clinical care for anesthesia, coma, and sleep disorders, bridging scientific and philosophical inquiries about the nature of consciousness. Consciousness Is a Continuum, and Scientists Are Starting to Measure It | Scientific American.

How to Sleep Through Election Stress

With the high-stakes 2024 U.S. presidential election looming, many Americans report losing sleep over “electsomnia.” Experts from Scientific American share practical, science-backed strategies to curb election-induced insomnia. Sleep specialists emphasize the importance of recognizing one’s anxiety triggers and setting boundaries with news intake. Practicing gratitude, mindful relaxation, and progressive muscle exercises can prepare the mind and body for rest. Additionally, whether evening tea or cozy audiobooks, rituals can provide comfort while minimizing caffeine and alcohol close to bedtime, which aids sleep quality. As election stress builds, these habits can promote better, more restful nights. Is Election Anxiety Keeping You Awake? Sleep Experts Share Advice | Scientific American.

Mind Games

While brain training games promise to stave off dementia, research shows mixed results. Studies reveal that cognitively stimulating activities like puzzles, crosswords, and reading can benefit brain health and delay cognitive decline. Specialized brain games may improve specific skills but don’t necessarily transfer benefits across broader cognitive functions. Experts suggest activities that challenge mental skills could build “cognitive reserve,” potentially delaying dementia symptoms, though direct evidence is limited. Ultimately, like exercise, mentally stimulating tasks hold promise but lack definitive proof as a safeguard against dementia. Can Puzzles and Games Prevent Dementia? - The New York Times (gift article).

The Fiber Fix for Antibiotic Blues

Antibiotics can disrupt the gut’s microbial balance, temporarily diminishing beneficial bacteria while allowing hardy, fast-growing strains to dominate. Restoring gut health post-antibiotics often hinges on diet, with fiber-rich foods like garlic, oats, and bananas supporting beneficial bacteria regrowth. High-fiber diets help re-establish a diverse microbiome faster, while fermented foods like kimchi may replenish lost bacteria. Probiotics, however, offer limited benefits, sometimes even slowing recovery. For those dealing with antibiotic side effects like bloating, easing into fiber may be best. Ultimately, a balanced diet fosters resilience and diversity in the gut. What Should I Eat While Taking Antibiotics? - The New York Times (gift article).

Why Music Strikes a Chord in Our Minds

Music isn’t just background noise—it’s a universal, powerful tool for emotional depth and connection. Philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer believed music uniquely reveals life’s truths, bypassing words and directly engaging with our consciousness. Neuroscientific research affirms this by showing how music activates the brain’s reward centers, even easing symptoms of disorders like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Music enhances emotional experiences, especially when enjoyed live or alone. Whether upbeat tunes for joy or sad songs for solace, music helps us process feelings, connect with others, and even unlock higher self-awareness. Why Music Really Does Make You Happier - The Atlantic.

032 - Bayesian Thinking, Cadavers, and Medical Unions - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

House Staff Local 131

I read an article about physicians unionizing. Although there has been talk about this for quite some time, I did not realize it had already happened in several locations: Doctor Unions Are Good for Your Health

Avatar Now

What do you get when you combine the immersive collaborative experience of an escape room with a video game? You get a Gamebox. Immersive Video Games Are Coming to a Theater Near You

The Plant Whisperer

Are plants sentient? I'm still not convinced, but this scientist theorizes they might be. What Plants Are Saying About Us - Nautilus

Spring Ahead

I read an article from a sleep scientist about the downsides of Daylight Savings time. The report convinces us that we should be on a permanent Standard Daylight schedule, not a permanent Daylight Savings schedule, as is currently suggested in a Congressional Bill.Springing forward into daylight saving time is a step back for health – a neurologist explains the medical evidence and why this shift is worse than the fall time change

Swiss Miss

The iconic Matterhorn of the Swiss Alps will no longer be seen on the wrappers of Toblerone chocolate bars after production moves from Switzerland to Slovakia. Where are Toblerone chocolate bars made?

Taking Control of What you Read on the Internet

Here is an article on the 25-year-old technology, RSS feeds: It's time to take back control of what we read online. I use RSS feeds in various ways. For my daily news, I rely on Feed Bin and Unread. I previously wrote about the ways I use RSS in scholarly activities: Unlock the Power of RSS feeds with DEVONthink — Workflows in Personal and Professional Productivity

This is your Brain on Art

"Art is not a luxury for our downtime, but an important contributor to physical and mental well-being..." I couldn't agree more, especially regarding music. How art, music, and dance affect your brain and body. (gift article)

Non-Nutritive Sweeteners

Artificial sweeteners are in various foods, from bread and cereal to tortillas and greek yogurt. Here is an article on the dark side of sugar substitutes: How sugar substitutes sneak into foods and affect your health (gift article)

Healthy, Redefined

The FDA is cracking down on commercial foods that may be labeled 'healthy.' The food companies are resisting: FDA is redefining 'healthy,' and the food industry is pushing back (gift article)

Personality Testing in the Workplace

Many years ago, I went down the rabbit hole, taking any personality test I could get. Although many personality tests (i.e., MBTI) have not been validated, they are increasingly used to make workplace decisions. Personality testing is now a $2 billion industry. The $2 Billion Question of Who You Are at Work (gift article)

The Argument for Moving Closer to Your Friends

"Many people are prepared to move for a new job, to be with a romantic partner, or even just for an adventure. Moving to be closer to buddies should be no different. Friends are not incidental to a good life; they're essential to one. So why not shorten the distance between you and them?" Live Closer to Your Friends

Health Podcasts Worth Listening To

....at least according to the NY Times. I am going to check out a few of these: Here Are 12 Health Podcasts Worth Listening To (gift article)

What Fuels Teen Anxiety?

Reformers have argued for fewer hours in a workweek. Yet, simultaneously, demands on our children at school have increased. Many believe the time needed to become attractive college applicants at the root of teen anxiety: "Richer and more complex economies require more rigorous and intense education, putting more pressure on kids to be high-achieving perfectionists." We're Missing a Key Driver of Teen Anxiety

Does your Microbiome Influence Interest in Exercise? (pre-clinical)

An interesting article in WaPo about how, in mice, the microbiome influences interest in exercise: How your microbiome may influence your motivation to exercise - The Washington Post (gift article)

Cannabis and Anesthesia

An article in the Economist discusses how cannabis influences the amount of drugs needed for adequate anesthesia. Cannabis and anesthesia do not mix

A Short History of Medical Cadavers

Medical students traditionally dissect cadavers while learning anatomy. Ever wonder where the bodies come from? From grave robbing to giving your own body to science – a short history of where medical schools get cadavers "Where many Americans once regarded medical students as "butchers" for exploiting their beloved dead, contemporary students honor what some of these future doctors call their "first patients" for the precious gift they have been given."

Bayes' Rule

After seeing all the evidence, how strongly should you believe something? That question is at the heart of Bayesian thinking, named after the Reverend Thomas Bayes. Here is an interesting video explaining Bayes Rule: Harvard professor explains Bayes' rule and an interesting article on how to use Bayesian Thinking to influence our relationships: Bayes and Deadweight: Using Statistics to Eject the Deadweight From Your Life.

005 - Long Covid, Gut Health, and Cognition - HealthHippie Week In Review - August 14, 2022

Long Covid

Eric Topol wrote an excellent overview of Long Covid: Some Light on Long Covid. The article includes prevalence, mechanisms and biomarkers, and potential treatments. Nature published a summary of Long Covid treatments, Long-COVID treatments: why the world is still waiting. My takeaway: there still is no consensus on either mechanism or therapy. I did learn from these papers that the adrenal axis is involved.

Eating to Improve Gut Health and Microbial Diversity

I'm often asked what people can do to improve their gut health. I received an email from Michael Greger's Nutrition Facts linking to the following video: How to Cultivate a Healthy Gut Microbiome with Food. Nutrition Facts is a fantastic resource full of free bite-sized videos. I like the site so much that, at various times, I have been a monetary supporter.

Gimme S'More

Ever wonder where S'mores came from? Me either. Regardless, I read an article that covers the history of the S'More--ingredients and all. A brief history of the s'more, America's favorite campfire snack

Orthopedic Surgery and Breast Cancer

I read a disturbing article Why Do Orthopedic Surgeons Have Such High Breast Cancer Rates. Female orthopedic surgeons have four times the breast cancer rate of the general population. The article zeroes in on the radiation that orthopedic surgeons use regularly. In my experience, surgeons are diligent about wearing a radiation shield when using x-rays / fluoroscopy. I am far more suspicious about chemical exposure to methyl methacrylate, the substance orthopedic surgeons use as the "grout" in knee and hip replacements. Even if an orthopedic surgeon is not currently using the compound regularly in their practice, they likely had significant exposure during training. Food for thought.

Walking+

The article, One type of walking reliably boosts fitness more than any other, mentions that adding hand-poles to your walking routine (Nordic walking) will increase caloric expenditure by close to 20%. Nordic walking has many other health benefits as well. That sounds like a no-brainer to me. I ordered a pair of poles today: TrailBuddy Trekking Poles - 7075 Aluminum with Cork Grip: Sports & Outdoors

Linking Nature to Well-Being

I came across the Inverse article, How is nature connected to well-being? It's complicated, scientists say that summarizes an exciting review in Science Advances: Linking the nonmaterial dimensions of human-nature relations and human well-being through cultural ecosystem services Nature, outside of tangible offerings like food, water, and other resources, offers nonmaterial contributions to well-being such as recreation and leisure, spiritual fulfillment, personal development, social relations, and aesthetic experiences. The article reviews existing literature to build a framework/rubric for how nature influences well-being.

+More about nature and well-being with some practical tips from the Atlantic: To Get Out of Your Head, Get Out of Your House

Reversing Lactose Intolerance

About 1/4 of the U.S. population is lactose intolerant. The symptoms of lactose intolerance (bloating, gas, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea) are caused by the absence of lactase, the enzyme that breaks down milk. Lactase production, in many people, turns off after weaning. If you are intolerant but want to enjoy dairy products, all is not lost. You can increase your tolerance of dairy by strategically using food. The article Can you become more tolerant of lactose? explains the method and mentions the ancient New England Journal of Medicine paper on the same topic: Yogurt — An Autodigesting Source of Lactose.

The Hippocampus and PTSD

Interesting scientific output from the AURORA Project (Advancing Understanding of Recovery after Trauma) housed at UNC. A recent paper in The Journal of Neuroscience, Hippocampal Threat Reactivity Interacts with Physiological Arousal to Predict PTSD Symptoms focuses on the memory forming region of the brain, the hippocampus, and its role in the variability of PTSD development in the general population. Read the summary article here: The brain's memory hub may explain why some people get PTSD and some don't

Emotional WellBeing and Whole Person Health

I look forward to receiving emails from the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine (NCCIH). The Director's message this week was about emotional well-being and its impact on the various pillars of health. Emotional Well-Being and Whole Person Health. I learned of the NIH networks to advance emotional well-being research. One disturbing fact that had me wanting to learn more-"A recent analysis of U.S. national data showed that 2 years after the diagnosis of cancer, 42 percent of survivors had depleted their entire net worth."_ Here are two of the free lectures the article mentions:

  1. Well-Being and the Economic Burden of Disease: What Are We Learning From Cancer Survivors?
  2. Advancing Research on Emotional Well-Being and Regulation of Eating

Dietary Supplements and Cognition

Another email this week touched on the science of supplements to slow cognitive decline, 7 Things To Know About Dietary Supplements and Alzheimer's Disease I'm a big fan of the NCCIH Tip Sheets: Tips on Complementary Health Practices

Mental Fatigue and Cognition

Just as our bodies get tired with prolonged physical activity, our minds show fatigue after long bouts of thinking. The article, How thinking hard makes the brain tired zeroes in on a neurometabolic cause for mental exhaustion (altered glutamate levels in specific regions of the brain).

Gut Microbiome in Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

An interesting article published on WebMD, although a good part of the article is focused on pre-clinical findings: Gut Microbiome in Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Quote of the Week

"Do the best you can until you know better. Then when you know better, do better." ― Maya Angelou