Brain Stimulation

043 - Brain Stimulation, Hacking Sleep, and Sad Music - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

Falling

About 25% of adults 65 and older will fall each year. Falls lead to bodily injury that speeds up the need for nursing care and, in some cases, death. Balance declines with age, but exercise can help stave off some of the risks of falling has some practical advice on how to minimize the risk for yourself and your loved ones.

Ozempic: A New Treatment for Addiction?

The weight-loss drug Ozempic, also known as semaglutide, shows unexpected side effects in patients. Along with suppressing appetite, people taking Ozempic have reported losing interest in addictive and compulsive behaviors such as drinking, smoking, shopping, nail-biting, and even skin picking. Scientists are intrigued by these anecdotes and have been studying drugs similar to liraglutide for their potential to curb addiction. The drug affects the brain's reward circuitry, making it a potential anti-addiction medication. Could Ozempic Also Be an Anti-addiction Drug?

Sad Music: Seeking Connection, Not Sorrow

A new study explores why we are drawn to sad songs, suggesting that it's not about experiencing sadness but seeking a sense of connection. While some theories propose that specific musical elements trigger sadness, the study emphasizes cognitive mechanisms and empathy as key factors. The findings indicate that people value emotional expression over technical proficiency in music and that listening to sad songs provides a connection, making us feel less alone. Why Do We Listen to Sad Songs? A New Study Offers an Answer. (gift article)

Mindfulness and Meditation

How meditation can change your life and mind explores the potential benefits of meditation and its ability to bring positive changes to people's lives. While the hype around meditation often includes extravagant claims, research suggests that mindfulness meditation, in particular, can have a significant impact. It enhances awareness and attention, improves emotional regulation, reduces stress, and fosters prosocial behaviors. However, it's important to approach meditation with an experimental mindset and find a practice that aligns with individual goals. Meditation is a valuable mental health tool but should not replace conventional care.

Peter Attia Publishes a Book

One of my favorite podcasts is Peter Attia's Drive.. He has been making the rounds promoting his new book: Outlive: The Science and Art of Longevity. The New York Times interviewed him, and I have to say, his intensity shined through: Want to Live Longer and Healthier? Peter Attia Has a Plan. (gift article)

Chronic Pain Linked to Orbitofrontal Cortex

A new, tiny study linked chronic pain to activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, an area involved in emotion regulation, self-evaluation, and decision-making. "The research suggests that such patterns of brain activity could serve as biomarkers to guide diagnosis and treatment for millions of people with shooting or burning chronic pain linked to a damaged nervous system." Although this article is intriguing, reader beware. Given the tiny sample size, it is hard to consider this finding much more than an intriguing idea. Much more research is needed. Chronic Pain Linked to Brain Signals in Orbitofrontal Cortex.

Hacking Sleep to Improve Creativity

Researchers at the MIT Media Lab and the Center for Sleep and Cognition have discovered that the first ten minutes of sleep, known as N1 sleep, can enhance creativity and problem-solving abilities. The study found that those who experienced N1 sleep and had their dreams incubated scored significantly higher in creativity tests than non-sleepers and those who only took naps. This research highlights the potential of N1 sleep for boosting creativity and finding innovative solutions. Harness the Creativity-Boosting Power of "N1" Sleep

Persistence Enhances Creativity

In the article Why We Get More Creative Over Time , the authors discuss the misconception that our creativity diminishes as we persist with a problem. Research shows that persistence is the key to generating more original ideas. Experiment participants consistently produced more creative ideas than they anticipated during subsequent attempts. The serial-order effect suggests that each successive idea will likely be better than the previous one. This pattern applies not only to individuals but also to companies and markets. The article challenges the myth of novelty and highlights the importance of persistence in achieving breakthroughs.

Ketamine vs. ECT for Depression in New England Journal

Electroconvulsive Therapy, for 80 years, has been considered the gold standard for refractory depression. Ketamine versus ECT for Nonpsychotic Treatment-Resistant Major Depression, published in New England Journal of Medicine demonstrates that ketamine may be a viable option to ECT. Ketamine Matches 'Gold Standard' in Major Depression Trial. More research is needed.

Electrifying the Mind: Rhythmic Brain Stimulation Enhances Cognitive Function

A meta-analysis suggests that tACS improves cognition in healthy, aging, and psychiatric populations is a recently published paper of over 100 studies on transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) reveals that rhythmically stimulating the brain with electrical currents can significantly boost cognitive function. By applying controlled currents to specific brain regions, tACS induces rhythmic brain activity, enhancing mental capabilities. The analysis suggests consistent and immediate improvements in mental function, particularly in executive function, attention, and memory. Furthermore, tACS proves effective in older adults and individuals with neuropsychiatric conditions. Rhythmically stimulating the brain with electrical currents could boost cognitive function, according to an analysis of over 100 studies.

Blood Types Ranked

Here is a quick overview of blood types and their frequency in the population: What Is the Rarest Blood Type in the World?

Conspiracy Detection Kit

Political races are heating up, and with them, various conspiracy theories. Here is a toolkit to help you determine what is real: 10 rules to tell if a conspiracy theory is true or false

014 - Terramation, Farmacies, and Edible Cities - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

Are You Still the Same You?

I enjoyed the essay in The New Yorker, Are You the Same Person You Used to Be? about how our personalities and our views of ourselves often change over a lifetime. _"We change, and change our view of that change, for as long as we live."

A New Role for the Cerebellum

In medical school, we were taught the cerebellum was primarily involved in the coordination of body movement. As with the majority of the brain, reality is much more complicated: A New Function of the Cerebellum

Food as Medicine - Welcome to the Farmacy

The concept of food as medicine is gaining acceptance. How to Prescribe Food as Medicine is a quick overview on the topic. I especially appreciated the links to the American College of Lifestyle Medicine white papers .

Human Composting / Terramation

There is now an alternative to cremation or burial after death; Terramation or "natural organic reduction," turns your body into soil. In fact, human composting is now legal in five states.

Electrical Memory Prosthesis

Here is an interesting article about a DARPA-funded initiative, centered at Wake Forest and University of Southern California, to help with memory formation. Brain-zapping tech improves memory by more than 50%

The Rise of Edible Cities

Edible cities are growing in the U.S. and Europe I love the idea of an "edible city," a place where space is rehabilitated with fruit and vegetable plants with food free for the taking. Check out the Edible Cities Network to see if there is an edible city near you.

How to Strengthen your Bond with your Canine Companion

Researchers are studying the human-canine bond in part to build better robotic dogs. The article, Want a better relationship with your dog? These 7 factors are key, describes ways to bond with your biological canine companion today.

Recognizing Smell from Molecular Structure

Here is an interesting article about attempts to use machine learning to determine how a substance smells solely from its molecular structure: AI Model Links Smell Molecules With Metabolic Processes

Gaslighting in Scientific American

Scientific American is one of my favorite magazines. I was surprised to see an article on gaslighting, but How Gaslighting Manipulates Reality taught me a thing or two.

Chasing Success and Happiness

Many people chase achievement because they believe it will lead to happiness/well-being. Arthur Brooks writes most people have the equation backwards.....Why Happiness Is the Key to Success

+Arthur Brooks was also featured on The Peter Attia Drive Podcast talking about the science of happiness talking about his book, From Strength to Strength: Finding Success, Happiness, and Deep Purpose in the Second Half of Life

The Real Paleo Diet

Although today's Paleo Diet is all the rage, it is historically innacurate. If you're interested in what our ancestors truly ate, the article, The “paleo” diet bears little resemblance to the real thing, offers insight from a professor of evolutionary anthropology and global health.

Changing Baseball through Diet

Baseball's athletes are far behind many other professional sports when it comes to the use of nutrition to enhance performance. The NY Times article, How Team Dietitians Are Changing How Baseball Players Eat, explains.

How to Tell Good Research from Bad

The article, Psychedelic drugs: how to tell good research from bad, offers great advice on how to spot good and bad research, and not just the psychedelic kind.

Inventing Food

Meet the Man Who Invented Cool Whip, Tang and Pop Rocks talks about a General Mills chemist who invented some of the iconic (unhealthy) foods of my youth.

Left-Handedness

I hadn't really thought much about handedness. About 10% of the population is left handed. I knew that lefties are considered more creative and are statistically more likely to be president of the U.S. I did not know lefties are more likely to be elite athletes or to suffer from mental illness: Why left-handed people are likelier to be mentally ill.

The Microbiome and Brain Macrophages

In newsletter 003 - Mad Honey, Frisson, and Psychedelic Capitalism, I mentioned one of the foundational papers in Alzheimers research had been called into question. One of the alternative explanations for the cause of Alzheimers is dysregulation of the immune system of the brain. Here is a synopsis of a pre-clinical study that supports the alternative conclusion: Age-related changes in microbiome composition affects brain macrophages. And here is a link to the paper: Age-dependent effects of gut microbiota metabolites on brain resident macrophages

Lateral Thinking

I'm fascinated by metacognition, so the article, The most undervalued problem-solving tool? Lateral thinking, was catnip for me. The article starts with a puzzle that caught my attention and went on to describe the phenomenon of lateral thinking-a process highly correlated with creativity.

Quote

“Our bodies are our gardens – our wills are our gardeners.”
– William Shakespeare

008 - U.S. Food Czar, 9-Volt Nirvana, Dragons and Thymi - HealthHippie Week In Review - September 4, 2022

White House Conference on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health

The most exciting news story of the week came from NPR, How the White House nutrition conference may tackle Americans' unhealthy diets. The article discusses the recommendations of the report, Informing the White House Conference, to be discussed on September 28. Re-calibrating America's relationship with food is the first (and arguably the most important) step to digging ourselves out of our current exorbitantly priced, low-value healthcare model (value=quality/cost). I'm hoping a "Food Czar" for the USA is named as an end-product of the meeting.

Skeptical Reflections of a Cancer Patient

What I've Learned From Having Cancer Is Nothing, is a reflection on common thoughts while living with cancer. Despite what the author says, you'll learn something.

The Best Diet for Healthy Aging

Michael Gregor explores how simple dietary modifications can profoundly impact one's health and well-being. The Best Diet for Healthy Aging. Spoiler alert: eat more plants!

The Joy of Why - Dreams

I found a new podcast I like, The Joy of Why. The latest episode on dreaming: Why and How Do We Dream, was great. (transcript) The discussion on lucid dreams and dream engineering was fascinating. I need to learn more about dream engineering. One of the best non-fiction books I've read in the last few years is Matthew Walker's Why We Sleep: Unlocking the Power of Sleep and Dreams.

Dragon Meet Maggots

I mentioned maggot therapy in 001 - Friendship, Psychedelics, and Maggots, Oh My. Now, maggot therapy has hit popular culture. Maggots made a cameo appearance In Episode 2 of House of Dragons. 'House of the Dragon' Episode 2's maggot scene is scientifically accurate I'm enjoying the Game of Thrones prequel.

Science behind Complementary Approaches to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

If you or someone you love suffer from IBS, the NCCIH has the evidence behind several complementary treatments: Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Complementary Health Approaches: What the Science Says

Dreaming of You(rself)

Everything you might want to know about experiencing memories/dreams in the first and third person: You've Probably Seen Yourself in Your Memories. I hadn't considered this phenomenon before, but the article points out the implications for the law, traumatic and near-death experiences, and more.

Thinking about Thinking

Rather than continuously constructing images based on all your sensory input, your brain likely conserves energy by predicting what it should see based on your previous experience and context, keying in on aspects that do not conform. The article, Your Brain Is an Energy-Efficient 'Prediction Machine', discusses efforts to understand the predictive processing framework.

9-Volt Nirvana

Two items on transcranial electrical stimulation hit my awareness in one of those "messages from the universe" (or maybe it's just the algorithms doing their thing). I'm fellowship trained in neuro-electrophysiology but was unaware of the studies focused on using mild electrical stimulation to enhance brain function (my fellowship focused on monitoring, not therapeutics). Early in the week, I read the article Brain stimulation boosts memory for at least a month. Then, without searching, a previous episode of Radiolab, 9-Volt Nirvana, , was in my podcast queue. After reading and listening to the podcast, I wondered if this technology might improve my quest to learn to play the guitar. I found an article I plan to read: Differential Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-tDCS-Depending on Previous Musical Training. The jury is still out on the efficacy and safety of transcranial stimulation. Although there are already commercially available devices, I will wait to see how the field develops before I try it out.

Seven Simple Actions to Improve Your Mental Health

I read an article with pragmatic and easily actionable advice on improving your mental health. Feeling stressed? Here are 7 simple actions to boost your mental health.

The Down-Side of Dangerous World Beliefs

All of us want our children and loved ones to be safe. But teaching kids the world is dangerous in order to improve their vigilance is terrible, ultimately, for their health, happiness, and success. I learned a lot from the article, Don't Teach Your Kids to Fear the World. As a counter-narrative to all the negative news about the world, see the book What Are You Optimistic About?: Today's Leading Thinkers on Why Things Are Good and Getting Better.

Current Models of Aging

Eric Topol tweeted a link to an interesting paper that summarizes current thinking on aging. New hallmarks of aging: a 2022 Copenhagen aging meeting summary. I especially appreciated the first figure in the paper that graphically shows how our bodies break down.

My Thymus, Myself

The Radiolab episode, My Thymus, Myself was a whirlwind tour of the function of the thymus. You should listen if you're interested in the immune system and who isn't these days? Understanding the thymus could significantly impact infectious disease, autoimmunity, and transplant medicine. Bonus, the story featured a shoutout to Duke Cardiothoracic Surgery.

Quote of the Week

"All great truths begin as blasphemies." - George Bernard Shaw


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