Nutritional Psychiatry

075 - Nature Prescriptions, Nutritional Psychiatry, and Aging Happily - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

Netflix Twin Experiment

I'm enjoying the Netflix mini-documentary You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment | Netflix Official Site. I'm halfway through, so I don't know what they will find in twins exposed to different diets, but I think I can guess.

Keeping Medical Diagnosis Private

There was a kerfuffle over Defense Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III's disclosure (or lack thereof) of his prostate cancer diagnosis. It turns out non-disclosure is a coping mechanism. "I always validate a person's desire for privacy, whatever their reasons," Dr. Fann said. "But I also explain that keeping their diagnosis fully secret, or not being able to talk about it, may make it harder for them to ask for help when it's needed — very concretely, getting a ride to treatment or getting a sympathetic ear when you're stressed." Lloyd Austin's Hidden Diagnosis: Why Some People Keep Serious Illnesses Private - The New York Times (gift article).

Plastic Peril

A groundbreaking study reveals that bottled water contains a staggering 240,000 minuscule plastic particles per liter, far more than previously estimated. These tiny plastic fragments, as small as a virus, pose serious health and environmental concerns. Researchers at Columbia and Rutgers universities employed innovative techniques to identify and count nanoplastics, highlighting their prevalence in bottled water. Surprisingly, most particles were not from the bottle material but from contaminants in the filling and purification. The implications for human health are concerning, as nanoplastics can enter the bloodstream and potentially cause damage. This study calls for further research and heightened awareness of plastic pollution. Bottled Water Contains 240,000 Plastic Particles per Liter, Study Finds – Mother Jones (thanks, Diana).

Feeding Your Calm

In the article 7 foods that can help you reduce anxiety (gift article), the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry explores the powerful connection between what we eat and our mental health. Nutritional psychiatrist Uma Naidoo reveals that an anti-anxiety diet can significantly improve mental well-being, emphasizing the gut-brain connection. Research indicates that specific foods can boost mood, enhance cognition, and alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression. To calm the mind, Naidoo recommends a diet rich in whole foods and shares seven anxiety-busting foods, including extra dark chocolate, leafy greens, cruciferous vegetables, avocados, green tea, omega-3 sources, and fiber-packed legumes. These foods offer a holistic approach to mental health through nutrition.

+And an article on social anxiety and the microbiome: Scientists Identified A Strange Connection Between Our Gut Microbes and Anxiety.

Data Diagnosis: Your Medical Records are Code Blue

In an alarming revelation, it has come to light that millions of individuals have had their medical data exposed due to security breaches at healthcare providers and transcription services. This eye-opening article explores the recent incidents where unauthorized parties gained access to sensitive medical records, including diagnoses, operative reports, and personal information. Despite promises of improved security measures, the healthcare industry grapples with data breaches, leaving patients vulnerable to identity theft and fraud. With medical information becoming a prized target for malicious actors, the need for stricter laws and better security practices is more apparent than ever. Your Medical Data Is Code Blue | WIRED.

Nature's Rx: How Much Green is Good for You?

Most people intuitively know that spending time in nature benefits their well-being, and scientific research supports this notion. Nature enthusiasts experience lower rates of depression, healthier blood pressure, improved eyesight, better pain control, enhanced immune function, and even lower mortality rates. "The healthiest forests are the ones that have the most different types of trees," he says. He likens the health benefits to food: there's evidence that eating diverse foods leads to a healthier gut microbiome. "I think the same thing is true with nature." To harness these health benefits, researchers in the U.S. have developed tracking and assessment technology. The NatureScore app rates the richness of nature in different geographical areas, while NatureDose monitors a person's time spent outdoors and encourages a weekly nature goal. The aim is to help doctors prescribe "nature prescriptions" alongside traditional medications, emphasizing the importance of green spaces for human health. How Much Nature Is Enough? - Nautilus.

Protein Recommendations Through Life's Stages

Protein is a crucial component of our diets, with varying needs at different stages of life. This article explains how protein requirements change as you age. Growing bodies require more protein during childhood and adolescence, while young and middle-aged adults have maintenance-level protein needs. Protein recommendations may increase in older adulthood to support muscle health and recovery. The article also highlights the importance of meeting these protein needs and suggests protein-rich foods for different age groups, emphasizing the significance of protein intake in maintaining overall health throughout life. How Much Protein You Need As You Age - The New York Times (gift article).

The Secrets to Growing Old Happily

"And therein lies the last lesson to help you prepare for your golden years: Start appreciating seniors more for their natural gifts. The practice of seeing yourself as valuing older adults will reprogram the way you think and feel about your aging. That will allay your fears and free you up to get on with the important business of becoming happier.". The author delves into the concept of aging and happiness in the article How to Be Happy Growing Older, . While society often emphasizes youth and fears the passage of time, research shows that growing old can improve happiness. As people age, they experience more positive and less negative emotions. Personality traits like agreeableness, conscientiousness, and kindness improve with age, leading to higher self-esteem. The article encourages individuals to consciously practice these positive traits throughout their lives, making aging a time of personal growth and happiness. Additionally, it suggests appreciating seniors' wisdom and perspective, thus ultimately changing how society views aging.

060 - CRISPR, Wellness Tech Warnings, and the Brain's Fountain of Youth - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

More on the Impact of AI on Science

More on how AI is revolutionizing science in the Economist: How scientists are using artificial intelligence (gift article) and Could AI transform science itself? (gift article).

CRISPR and the Microbiome

CRISPR pioneer and Nobel Prize winner Jennifer Doudna is focusing on the microbiome: Crispr Pioneer Jennifer Doudna Has the Guts to Take On the Microbiome | WIRED. I highly recommend Walter Isaacson's biography on Doudna: The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race.

Big Tobacco Stains the Food Industry

"In a broader and much less restricting sense," an executive wrote, "R.J. Reynolds is in the flavor business." Although Big Tobacco is no longer in the food business, they left a terrible legacy: Many junk foods today were made and marketed by Big Tobacco - The Washington Post. (gift article)

Is Junk Food Addictive?

Recent studies suggest highly processed foods may have addictive qualities akin to drugs. Rats opt for sugar over cocaine, even enduring electric shocks for the sweet treat. Humans display similar behavior, consuming processed foods to the point of vomiting and diarrhea post-bariatric surgery. Daily snacking on these foods can rewire our brain's reward circuits, mirroring the cravings induced by cocaine. "In 2022, scientists published an opinion piece in the journal Addiction arguing that highly processed foods should be classified as addictive based on a 1988 Surgeon General report on tobacco products." Food Can Be Literally Addictive, New Evidence Suggests - Scientific American.

Healthy Diet Lowers Dementia Risk

Wapo had an article on the importance of diet in staving off dementia. Recent studies suggest the benefits occur even when started later in life: Eating heart-healthy foods also helps lower your dementia risk - The Washington Post. (gift article)

PANDA-monium: Infections Unmask Childhood Psychiatric Illnesses

Many doctors remain unaware PANDAS (Paediatric Autoimmune-Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus and its counterpart, PANS (Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome), or dismiss them as fictitious. This ignorance results in misdiagnoses, inappropriate treatments, and even parental accusations. Recent research suggests these disorders stem from an autoimmune reaction post-infection. The changing perception may have broader implications for understanding infections' roles in psychiatric conditions (for both children and adults), offering hope for early intervention and effective treatment. How common infections can spark psychiatric illnesses in children. (gift article)

Plasma, Platelets, and PF4: Searching for the Brain's Fountain of Youth

Groundbreaking research in mice may have revealed a key to rejuvenating aging brains. Neuroscientists have uncovered that platelets, specifically a group of molecules called Platelet Factor 4 (PF4), play a vital role in the age-reversal process. Three interventions—transfusions of young blood, the hormone klotho, and physical exercise—all harness PF4 to deliver their benefits to the brain. When 22-month-old mice were injected with young blood plasma or PF4, their cognitive age reversed dramatically. These findings, independently discovered by three research teams, offer new hope for combating age-related cognitive decline and unlocking the secrets of brain rejuvenation. Scientists uncover how young blood rejuvenates aging brains | BBC Science Focus Magazine.

Animal Communication Unveils Surprising Parallels to Human Language

Researchers are uncovering fascinating connections between animal communication and human language. For years, the belief in an unbridgeable gap between human language and animal communication prevailed. However, recent studies challenge this notion, revealing that various species possess intricate vocal learning abilities, from mice to dolphins. These findings suggest that language-related capacities may exist on a continuum across the animal kingdom. Scientists are now delving deeper into deciphering the meanings and intricacies of animal communication, shedding light on the evolution of language and our shared cognitive landscapes with other creatures. The Animals Are Talking. What Does It Mean? - The New York Times. (gift article)

+How AI is being leveraged to decode animal communication: Can We Talk to Whales? | The New Yorker and ‎Unexplainable: Can we talk to animals? on Apple Podcasts.

When the CIA, Artificial Intelligence, and Healthcare Collide

Palantir's Reputation Stalks Its Bid for the UK's National Health Data | WIRED is an interesting article about how Peter Thiel's big data analytics company (and surveillance government contractor), Palantir, is courting Britain's National Health Service for access to their data. What possibly could go wrong?

Big Tech Knows Your Most Intimate Health Details

Your most intimate health details have become data points in the digital realm. Tech giants, often unbeknownst to users, accumulate a treasure trove of personal health information through online interactions, from therapy sessions to fitness apps. Recent cases, like BetterHelp's data-sharing debacle, have exposed the extent of this information harvesting, raising concerns about privacy violations and potential harm. While some believe federal laws like HIPAA shield health data, the truth is more complicated. A fragmented regulatory landscape, limited enforcement resources, and the rapid evolution of technology call for comprehensive data privacy legislation to keep pace with the digital age. What Big Tech Knows About Your Body - The Atlantic.

Build a Real Music Collection

This author cites why she owns her music collection and eschews streaming: Want to Enjoy Music More? Stop Streaming It. - The New York Times. (gift article)

058 - Scientific Spirituality, Supermarket Lies, and Psychedelics - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

Food for Thought: How Your Diet Affects Your Mind

Beyond the immediate joy of a good meal, food can significantly impact your mental health. Animal proteins like roast turkey and fish contain amino acids essential for dopamine and serotonin production, key mood-regulating neurotransmitters. With their rich nutrient content, Brussels sprouts and cranberries play roles in brain function and mood regulation. The emerging field of nutritional psychiatry explores how diet influences mental health, shedding light on diets like the Mediterranean and mind diets. How food affects the mind, as well as the body.

Supermarket Lies

The New Yorker discusses the attorney Spencer Sheehan, who takes food and home goods companies to task for misrepresenting the ingredients in their products. Shocker, he's swamped. The Lies in Your Grocery Store | The New Yorker.

Scientific Spirituality

In a recent study, Julian Huxley's belief that science held a spiritual dimension gained validation. Researchers developed a scale to measure "scientific spirituality," discovering that it stirs feelings of wonder and connection akin to religious spirituality. These feelings boost well-being and life satisfaction, even in atheists and agnostics. Furthermore, those with higher scientific spirituality scores demonstrated a better understanding of scientific subjects. The study suggests that finding "holiness in reality" through science can offer a unique and fulfilling spiritual experience, bridging the gap between empirical and spiritual realms. The Holiness in Reality - Nautilus.

+Asimov also wrote about this topic in one of my favorite series, Foundation..

Paper Cups: Brewing Trouble for the Environment

While paper coffee cups might seem like a greener alternative to plastic, a recent study warns that they can be just as toxic. These seemingly eco-friendly cups are lined with a thin layer of plastic to prevent liquid seepage, and this plastic can release harmful chemicals when it ends up in our natural environment. Researchers found that even midge larvae exposed to water tainted by paper cups suffered ill effects. The exact composition of these chemicals remains a mystery due to limited disclosure from manufacturers. To combat this issue, scientists advocate for innovative, sustainable alternatives and more significant recycling efforts, as disposable paper cups pose a significant environmental hazard. Sorry, Your Paper Coffee Cup Is a Toxic Nightmare | WIRED.

How Psychedelics Work?

"People often talk about psychedelic therapy functioning like a "reset button" for the mind, but until Dölen's work came out, no one could provide a scientifically plausible explanation for "how something so short in duration can have lasting and transformative effects that go well beyond the time that the drug is in there."This scientist and her team believe psychedelics re-open the brain to critical learning. The Psychedelic Scientist Who Sends Brains Back to Childhood | WIRED.

Ode to Emojis

"Emojis have this ability to make the same words seem more emotional or less emotional—to seem alarming versus completely fine or joking even," she says. These are important social functions, she adds. "Through our switch to more text-based communication, we lost this additional layer of meaning that emojis can now provide." Nautilus published a pretty interesting article on the history and science of emojis: Your 🧠 On Emoji - Nautilus.

What are Dreams For?

We've all observed the twitching of babies or animals while they're sleeping. Conventional wisdom has been that twitches reflect movements taking place during a dream. The scientists in this story believe the exact opposite. Rather than the body reflecting brain activity, it is the brain learning from the body. The implications, if true, are striking both in our understanding of ourselves and for emerging technology such as robotics. What Are Dreams For? | The New Yorker.

Weight-Loss Drugs Also Protect the Heart

Another apparent benefit of the new weight-loss drugs was published in the New England Journal of Medicine. "In a trial of more than 500 patients with obesity and heart failure in 13 countries, those who got a weekly injection of semaglutide for a year reduced symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and swelling. They also had notable improvements in their physical abilities and exercise function." Ozempic and Wegovy Can Also Protect Your Heart | WIRED.

Death of the Calorie

The Economist had a detailed story on the history (and failure) of calorie counting for weight loss. Death of the calorie.

How Play and Art Boost Learning

In the article To Supercharge Learning, Look to Play, , authors Susan Magsamen and Ivy Ross highlight the integral role of play and art in enhancing learning. They stress that play and creativity are inherent to human evolution, aiding cognitive development and emotional well-being. The authors emphasize "guided play" to effectively impart new skills. They also discuss the Playful Learning Landscapes Action Network, which transforms public spaces into interactive learning hubs. Furthermore, the article explores the neuroscience of attention and how immersive video games, like EndeavorRx, can improve focus, particularly in individuals with ADHD, offering a promising alternative to medication. (disclosure: I own shares of Akili Interactive mentioned in the article).

Knocking Out the Wrong Goals to Achieve Happiness

In a punchy revelation, Arthur Brooks discusses the "Tyson Paradox" inspired by boxing legend Mike Tyson. Despite his impressive career, Tyson's pursuit of fame and riches didn't guarantee his happiness. The paradox arises from the "arrival fallacy," where achieving goals doesn't sustain bliss. Instead, we quickly return to an equilibrium. To combat the loss of happiness, the article suggests setting the right goals focused on intrinsic values and relationships. Intrinsic goals like fostering friendships lead to greater well-being, while achievement goals can disappoint, especially when compared to others. Ultimately, the journey, not just the destination, provides lasting satisfaction and meaning. How to Set the Right Life Goals - The Atlantic.

037 - Deep Fakes, Dangerous Cheese, and Astronaut Nutrition - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

The Most Dangerous Cheese in the World

Casu marzu, or "rotten cheese," is a delicacy in Sardinia, Italy. The cheese is also illegal in the U.S. due to food safety laws regarding eating food with insects and parasites. Despite the cheese's legal status, "epicurious" individuals are figuring out ways to give it a try: Would You Eat Casu Marzu, the Illegal Cheese With Maggots?

New Insights into Aging

Research on how stem cells destroy aberrant material offers new insight into the aging process: Stem Cell' Junk Yards' Reveal a New Clue About Aging.

Fighting Antimicrobial Resistance

Another call for the government to reign in the misuse of antibiotics in livestock: To Fight Antimicrobial Resistance, Start with Farm Animals. See my old opinion piece in the Huffington Post on the same topic: Antibiotics, Obesity and You.

How to Detect Lies

"A new study demonstrates that simply focusing on the level of detail in a person's story can be a surprisingly accurate way to detect a lie. The more detail there is, the less likely that a story is fabricated." Here's a simple way to detect lies — that works.

Brain Tempo

A new study out of Australia shows that "Changing between slow and fast integration of information, the brain can flexibly modulate the timescales on which it operates." How the Brain Slows Down When We Focus Our Gaze.

Turning Negative Thinkers Into Positive Ones

The NY Times, back in 2017, published an interesting article on fostering positive emotions. Well worth a (re)read: Turning Negative Thinkers Into Positive Ones. (gift article)

Help, Heard, or Hug?

A simple question can improve the quality of communication in relationships: Helped, Heard, or Hugged? What to Ask When Someone You Love Is Upset. (gift article)

Ghosting Between Friends

Ghosting doesn't just happen on the dating scene. Ghosting by a friend hurts just as much (or more) than that experienced in the apps. What to Do if a Friend Ghosts You. (gift article)

Hibernating Bears

Bears hibernate for a good portion of the year, but unlike other mammals, they don't suffer from blood clots and other cardiovascular problems from their long bouts of inactivity. These scientists are trying to understand why: Hibernating Bears Reveal How to Prevent Blood Clots in Humans.

How to Argue Effectively

Disagreements are inevitable. Here are some strategies to argue more effectively: Harvard negotiator explains how to argue.

Self-Aware Fish

I enjoyed the article, Are Fish Self-Aware? that touches on animal cognition and consciousness. The article also highlights a problem with science and scientific publication: entrenched, dogmatic ideas are defended vehemently by their proponents, even when there is plenty of evidence to refute their beliefs.

Two States Want to Ban Food Additives Linked to Health Concerns

What do Red dye no.3, titanium dioxide, brominated vegetable oil, potassium bromate, and propylparaben have in common? They are all common in certain processed foods and could soon be banned in N.Y. and C.A. The food industry is vehemently opposed: California and New York Could Ban 5 Food Additives Linked to Health Concerns. (gift article)

London Lonely Girls Club

She was lonely. She started a friends club, and 35,000 people joined (gift article) tells the story of how one lonely woman started a club to fight her isolation. Similar groups are emerging throughout the world.

The Positive Side of Anxiety

Anxiety causes much suffering, but there is an upside to worry as well: Positive strengths of having anxiety.

Out-of-this-World Nutrition

Here is an interesting article about the program researching the impact of diet on well-being in space: Diet-Mental Health Relationship in Astronaut Performance.

Deep Fakes in Space

Curious about deep fakes (A.I. generated videos)? To Make a Deepfake is a fascinating video from Scientific American that touches on the technology and its implications using the context of a Richard Nixon speech.

028 - Immunometabolism, MusicLM, and Chatting with the Dead - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

How to Live to 100

Want to live to one hundred? Doing so combines luck, hard work, and a good social network: How do you live to be 100? Good genes, activity, and friends. (gift article)

Canine Healthspan and Longevity

I first mentioned scientists and start-ups trying to decode the aging process by studying dogs in 017 - Ganzflicker, Misinformation, Canine Cognition, and Happiness — HealthHippieMD. Here is another article, this time in National Geographic: Could dogs be our best hope to reverse aging in humans?

How Long Does it Take to Get Fit After an Exercise Hiatus?

How Long Does It Take to Get Fit Again? (gift article) has the answers and suggestions on how to slow decline when you take a break.

Extending the Functional Life of Immune Cells

An interesting article was published last week in Nature about scientist's success (in mice) in enhancing the functional life of T-cells-one of the body's front-line defenses against disease: Functional T cells are capable of supernumerary cell division and longevity "It's probably one of the most extraordinary papers in immunology that I've seen, easily in the past decade...." Read the summary article: The Case of the Incredibly Long-Lived Mouse Cells

Doctors and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

AI will have a profound impact on medicine. Doctors, Get Ready for Your AI Assistants | WIRED discusses a few ways AI will change medical practice.

Coffee

The Atlantic linked to many articles on my favorite beverage, coffee. Why Americans Love Coffee So Much

Generative AI for Music

Google has developed a generative AI (like ChatGPT and DALL-E) for music. You type the text for what you want to hear, and MusicLM generates music on the fly. The problem? Copyright. About 10% of MusicLMs songs would infringe on others' copyright. Nevertheless, I'd love to try this tech out. Google created an AI that can generate music from text descriptions, but won't release it

Microbes in Food Alter Cancer Defense

Food is medicine. Here is a brief overview of how the gut microbiome alters the immune system to fight or allow cancer growth: Microbes in your food can help or hinder your body's defenses against cancer – how diet influences the conflict between cell 'cooperators' and 'cheaters'

Rick Rubin on Creativity

It seems everywhere I look, I see the iconic music producer Rick Rubin. He was recently featured on 60 minutes. Here are some thoughts and excerpts from his upcoming book: Creative wisdom from Rick Rubin.

What you Eat and How you Feel

What you eat affects how you feel, mediated by the microbiome. Recent publications attempt to unravel the mechanism: The link between our food, gut microbiome, and depression (gift article) (Thanks, Jenny!)

How to Stop Ruminating

Are you stuck in a mind loop of worries that never seem to end? Here is some valuable advice from the New York Times: How to Stop Ruminating

"Chatting" with the Dead

The fast-moving development of chatbots like ChatGTP has accelerated the ambitious goal of having conversations with the dead: Founder: You'll Soon Be Able to Talk to Your Dead Mom In the Metaverse Thanks to ChatGPT ^

The Microbiome Could Be Contagious

A recent Nature study documented that individuals who spend time together share similar microbial species. The Human Microbiome Might Be Contagious, Scientists Say. The news clip made me think of this NEJM study that showed obesity was more common in groups of people that spend time together (like close friends and family): The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years,

Ultra-Processed Food and Cognition

This article is an excellent overview of the effects of dietary choices on brain health: Ultra-processed foods – like cookies, chips, frozen meals, and fast food – may contribute to cognitive decline

Ultra-processed Food and Cancer

A recent study demonstrated that the higher one's intake of ultra-processed foods, the higher the cancer incidence. "For every 10 percent increase in ultra-processed food in a person's diet, there was an increased incidence of 2 percent for cancer overall, and a 19 percent increase for ovarian cancer specifically...." Ultra-processed foods may increase ovarian cancer risk, U.K. study warns. (gift article)

Are Some Foods Addictive?

Not only are ultra-processed foods bad for us, but it is also possible they are addictive: Are Some Foods Addictive? (gift article)

Immunometabolism

Lots of interesting articles on the role of food on health. This article in The Atlantic discusses recent findings of food's impact on immunity and infection: Someday, You Might Be Able to Eat Your Way Out of a Cold.

Remodeling the Brain

Psychedelics remodel the brain. That can be either good or bad: Psychedelics open your brain. You might not like what falls in.

Latest on Long Covid

Opinion | Three important studies shed light on long covid (gift article) opines on recent publications focused on Long Covid.

023 - Aspartame Anxiety, Psychedelic Spirituality, and Hopewashing - HealthHippieMD Week In Review

Nutritional Psychiatry

An emerging body of literature shows that what we eat impacts our mood. The Economist published an article on the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry: How food affects the mind, as well as the body.

Aspartame and Anxiety

A pre-clinical study (in rodents) demonstrated that the non-nutritive sweetener, Aspartame, at a fraction of the maximum allowable amount suggested by the FDA, may raise the risk of anxiety: Transgenerational transmission of aspartame-induced anxiety and changes in glutamate-GABA signaling and gene expression in the amygdala. The food industry has pitched non-nutritive sweeteners as being inert. But recent studies show a link between artificial sweeteners and diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Can a Common Artificial Sweetener Fuel Anxiety?

Silicon Valley Focuses on Gut Health

Silicon Valley is always looking for the next investment opportunity. Silicon Valley is coming for your gut biome, discusses the burgeoning investment opportunities focused on gut health, supplements, and the microbiome.

+Another article about the future use of microbial therapeutics: Prescription poop could be the future of medicine

Sleep, Phases of Life, and Cognition

A study of 730,000 adults recently published in Nature Communications titled "Reported sleep duration reveals segmentation of the adult life-course into three phases" demonstrated a link between sleep duration and cognitive performance later in life. Sleep duration divides adult lifespan into 3 phases discusses the findings.

Psychedelics and Spirituality

A recent study, Belief changes associated with psychedelic use, found that using psychedelics increased belief in God and the afterlife and altered people's understanding of consciousness. Psychedelics alter beliefs about God, reality, superstition discusses the findings.

Thinking about the future

As each year ends, we spend more time contemplating the future. The Case Against Hopewashing and How to Live on the Precipice of Tomorrow are the first two of three featured articles in Wired Magazine.

Synthetic Brain Cells Taught to Play Pong

Earlier this year, an Australian neuroscientist taught lab-grown neurons to play the video game Pong. The article This neuroscientist taught brain cells to play Pong — and shifted how we view human intelligence forever discusses the implications.

You Can't Unsee This

Public restrooms are just as dirty as you imagine. I've seen many articles about "fecal patinas" caused by aerosolizing toilet water. Of course, scientists had to capture the process on film: Toilets spew invisible aerosol plumes with every flush – here's the proof, captured by high-powered lasers

Toxic Self-Talk Toolkit

We constantly talk to ourselves, and most self-talk is negative. Here is a toolkit to combat the negativity: How to stop toxic self-talk, explained in 6 minutes

Drugs to Fight Aging

Scientists are looking for ways to slow aging and age-related combat diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration. Wired had a short article on new pharmaceuticals based upon the biology of aging: A Drug to Treat Aging May Not Be a Pipe Dream.

The Most Important Thing About Exercise

Slate has a new column, Good Fit, focused on exercise. The first article of the series, Fitness Goals: In 2023, weight loss and even health aren't the most important things about exercise, describes society's movement toward "healthism," and the mixed messages we receive.

New Year's Seven-Day Relationship Challenge

One of the most potent predictors of happiness is the quality of one's relationships. To this end, How to Have a Happier New Year, (gift article) describes a seven-day program to bolster your relationships.

Step-By-Step Guide to Breaking Bad Habits and Starting New Ones

The beginning of the year is a time to reflect on our behavior. Do you have a habit you want to break but have struggled to do so? Wired has a step-by-step guide to aid in your success: How to (Finally) Break That Bad Habit | WIRED +On setting goals: You've Been Choosing Your Goals All Wrong | WIRED

Happy New Year!

010 - Caloric Restriction, Vulnerability Hangovers, and Psychobiotics - HealthHippie Week In Review

Caloric Restriction and Healthspan

An email from the NIH, Calorie restriction, immune function, and health span gave an overview of a recent publication in Science focused on the immune system. In humans, the primary study (called the CALERIE Study) found caloric restriction led to changes in gene activity in body fat and related immune cells. Those that underwent caloric restriction had more prominent, less fatty thymi than controls. Based on findings in the original study, these authors studied a gene (Pla2g7) in mice. Mice who lacked this gene had less inflammation, larger thymi, gained less weight from eating a high-fat diet, burned more fat, and were less likely to develop fatty liver disease than the controls. The authors are trying to identify potential therapeutic targets to enhance longevity.

+If you're interested in this topic, Peter Attia's recent conversation with Matt Kaeberlein, How nutrition impacts longevity, is an insightful discussion. Although sadly, there is not a single mention of the microbiome.

Melanoma and the Microbiome

Within the last several years, there has been convincing evidence that dietary choices (specifically increasing dietary fiber) positively influence the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy by way of the microbiome: Fiber boosts melanoma patients' response to immunotherapy In a recent paper, unsurprisingly, broad-spectrum antibiotics, at least in mice, seem to have the opposite effect, accelerating tumor growth: Melanoma: Gut microbiome-depleting antibiotics may make it worse

ARPA-H

President Biden named the head of the new Biomedical Research Agency, focused on fighting cancer and other diseases. The new agency, ARPA-H (Advanced Research Projects Agency-Health), jumpstarted by a $1 billion investment from Congress, is modeled after the military's futuristic Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). ARPA-H focuses on high-risk, high-reward areas of innovation. Biden Picks Biotech Executive to Lead New Biomedical Research Agency. Exciting times!

An Overview of Brain Fog

The NY Times had a fascinating overview of brain fog: What Is Brain Fog and How Can I Treat It?

+More on brain fog by one of my favorite science writers: Ed Yong on One of Long COVID's Most Misunderstood Symptoms

CRISPR Musings

Jennifer Doudna was co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her discovery of CRISPR: Nobel Prize Awarded to Jennifer Doudna And Emmanuelle Charpentier For CRISPR Discovery This week, Dr. Doudna published her thoughts on CRISPR in the Atlantic: Starting a CRISPR Revolution Isn't Enough I highly recommend Walter Isaacson's fantastic biography, The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race.

Does Psychological Stress Increase the Incidence of Long Covid?

This study offers some preliminary evidence that it does: Psychological distress may increase your odds of getting long Covid, study finds.

Why Do Some People Seem Immune to Covid?

Scientists are trying to figure out why: The Mystery of Why Some People Don't Get Covid. Interestingly, there is no mention of interest in the microbiome, which we know influences immunity.

Exercise and Immunity

As if you needed another reason to exercise: The article, Can Exercise Strengthen Your Immunity, gives a synopsis of a recent meta-analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. The authors of the study found preliminary evidence they believe showed both a protective effect for contracting Covid and a lower likelihood of experiencing severe Covid. Interpretation of the results is controversial, but few argue the overall positive impact of exercise on health.

Alzheimer's Uproar

You've likely seen news stories about a foundational Alzheimer's paper whose findings were recently called into question. The podcast episode, An Alzheimer's uproar, explains the controversy.

+Tools to tease out scientific misconduct: Fake research can be harmful to your health – a new study offers a tool for rooting it out.

Talking to Strangers

When meeting a new person, the prevailing wisdom is you should listen more than you speak. A recent study shows that strategy is wrong: People think they should talk less to be liked, but new research suggests you should speak up in conversations with strangers.

+The benefits of talking to strangers: Why talking to strangers is good for you, them, and all of us.

Vulnerability Hangovers

Shared a little too much with a friend last night? The New York Times has you covered: How to Nurse a Vulnerability Hangover

The Wandering Mind

"...mind-wandering is rarely a waste of time. It is merely our brain trying to get a bit of work done when it is under the impression that there isn't much else going on." Unhappy minds wander in the past, while happy minds often ponder the future." Scientists finally know why we get distracted — and how we can stay on track

CAR-T for Auto-Immunity

CAR-T drugs, today, are used primarily in hard-to-treat cancers. A recent manuscript, Anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus, shows how these "living drugs" may play a role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases: How a 'Living Drug' Could Treat Autoimmune Disease

Mental Health, Food, and the Microbiome

Nutritional psychiatry and psychobiotics are reaching popular consciousness. As I was readying this newsletter for publication, the article, Nutritional approaches targeting gut microbiome could improve brain disorders, hit my inbox. Adding the paper, Diet and the microbiota–gut–brain-axis: a primer for clinical nutrition to my reading list.

Quote of the Week

“History doesn't repeat itself, but it often rhymes” – Mark Twain

004 - Fighting Food Waste, Dark Cheerfulness, What We Smell in Our Friends - HealthHippie Week In Review - August 7, 2022

Revamping the Food Expiration System

Americans waste about one-third of their food. The article, Food expiration dates are broken — a microbiologist explains how to fix them discusses revamping the system to be more beneficial for consumers (and to decrease food waste).

Hospital Rankings

This week, the U.S. News and World Report released its hospital rankings. The podcast episode, Should We Trust Hospital Rankings? is an interesting discussion of the ranking system and how the rankings could be improved. "Hospitals compete for prime spots on the U.S. News rankings — but could those lists do more harm than good?"

The Dark Side of Cheerfulness

"Emotions are usually defined by their ungovernability, experienced as forces that wash over us and challenge our sense of agency. That quality is what makes most seem authentic and trustworthy to us. Fake anger or love feels like a betrayal. But fake cheer?..." The excerpt is taken from the book review, The Dark Side of American Cheerfulness on the book: Cheerfulness: A Literary and Cultural History. The review is well worth the read, touching on psychology, culture, history, philosophy, and politics.

Smell you Later

Many of us believe we have cognitive control over most aspects of our lives, including the people we call friends and the people we choose as romantic partners. With all types of human connections, some just "click," but the basis behind interpersonal chemistry remains elusive. As with all things physiological, the story is complex. Do we like our friends because they stink like we do is a reminder that at our core, we are just evolved animals. These researchers claim they can determine "chemistry" between two individuals with 71% accuracy using only their smell.

Pandemic and Positive Emotions

Listened to the Pushkin Podcast from the Happiness Lab with Laurie Santos, What Did the Pandemic Teach Us About Happiness? about the role the pandemic played in happiness. The discussion referred to Surgeon General Vivek Murthy's NEJM article, Confronting Health Worker Burnout and Well-Being. In 2017 I tried to get my proposal, Measuring the impact of biofeedback-enhanced meditation on resident stress, burnout, and well-being, funded. The plan was to begin with residents but ultimately study the entire perioperative healthcare workforce. The proposal was not funded. I remain just as interested today as I was back then, maybe more so now that my daughter has started her long medical training.

Questioning the Theory of Chemical Imbalance in Depression

The manuscript, The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence. stirred quite a bit of controversy. The commentary in Slate, Why has the misleading chemical imbalance theory of mental illness persisted for so long was one of the better articles I read.

Nutrition and Mental Health

And while we are on the topic of mental health, I discovered a new podcast this week from ZOE Science and Nutrition. I listened to two of the episodes. Both were excellent with a mix of science and actionable advice: How food can improve your mood and Can you reverse damage from a bad diet?

Can We Cure Aging?

Medscape published an excellent brief overview of longevity research: Is There a Cure for Aging?

Dr. Amazon is In

Several interesting stories about Amazon this week. First, an article about Alexa's potential utility in early diagnosis of cognitive decline: Alexa could diagnose Alzheimer's and other brain conditions — should it? The article discusses the technology and some of the ethics behind continuous digital monitoring—food for thought. Voice technology will continue to improve in its ability to "diagnose" many mood and cognitive disorders.

+I woke up to news that Amazon is interested in purchasing iRobot, the company that makes the Roomba. Roomba has a "Smart Maps" feature that maps the interior of your living area. The article focuses on Amazon as a surveillance company. I don't necessarily agree. I wouldn't be surprised if Amazon's interest in iRobot has medical applications--perhaps mapping the safety of an elder's environment to minimize falls. I look forward to hearing more about this deal.

Bacteriophages and IBD

I read an exciting news story on Inverse, Bacteria-eating virus cocktails may effectively treat gut inflammation, that covers the findings in the manuscript, Targeted suppression of human IBD-associated gut microbiota commensals by phage consortia for treatment of intestinal inflammation. An Israeli-led team (that includes UNC's Dr. Ryan Balfour Sartor) zeroed in on a strain of bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and demonstrated the bacteria could cause IBD like symptoms in mice. They then developed a cocktail of phages (viruses that selectively attack particular bacteria) that targeted K. pneumonia and ameliorated damage caused by the bacteria. The authors are now beginning clinical trials. I plan to follow this work carefully.

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